Formulation Of Cream Preparation From Ethanolic Extract Of Bractea Bougainvillea Spectabillis Willd And Its Activity As A Sunscreen: In Silico, In Vitro And In Vivo
Bougainvillea spectabillis Willd has demonstrated sunscreen activity that serves to brighten and moisturize the skin. This study aims to analyze the identification results of the ethanol extract contents of bractea B. spectabillis Willd, proving that the identified compounds than the standard ligand of kojic acid (KOJ_516) on tyrosinase receptors (5M8Q) in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. The identification results showed 18 compounds of the ethanol extract of bractea B. spectabilis Willd ethanol extract had sunscreen activity in silico, namely: Compounds J, N, B, Q, R, O, P, H, I, L, M, C, F, E, D, K, A, and T with LC-MSMS QTOF Xevo G2-SQTOF method (Waters USA) and Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0. The results of the characteristics test of the cream preparation of ethanol extract (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%), Organoleptics: brownish yellow coloration, semi-solid in form, fragrant, and homogeneous. pH value: 6.7 - 6.9 (qualified 4.5-8.0). Stickiness: 2.74 - 3.43 seconds (2-300 seconds). Viscosity: 2,574.47 - 3,267.57 cps (2000-
50000 cps). Spreadability: 0.0214 - 0.0271 cm (minimum of 6 cm). Cream type: based on dilution with distilled water and liquid paraffin, the cream was categorized O/W cream. The results of the physical stability test with the thermal cycle method showed that all cream preparations were stable. Sunscreen activity test results showed that ethanol extract cream was 0.5% (maximum protection); ethanol extract was 1.5%; ethanol extract cream was 1.0%; and ethanol extract cream was 1.5% (ultra protection). The percentage value of ethanol extract erythema and 1.5% (extra protection), while 1.0% (standard suntan protection). The results of the pigmentation test of ethanol extract cream (in percentage) were 1.5%, 1.0%, 0.5% and 1.5% for ethanol extract (sunblock category). The results of the in vivo test of cream preparations in inhibiting the onset of erythema based on the diameter of the category are very mild, while the cream base clearly demarcates the erythema category. Inhibiting the onset of erythema based on time showed that 1.5% ethanol extract cream was greater than 1.0%, 0.5%, cream base, 1.5% ethanol extract, and 2% PABA cream.
Keywords: Ethanol extract, bractea B. spectabillis Willd cream formulation, sunscreen activity: in silico, in vitro and in vivo
